Technical Papers

Peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, and technical research in international trade, development economics, poverty, and the Indian economy.

Peer-reviewed and technical papers

  • “Poverty and Inequality in India, 2011-12 to 2023-24,” Economic and Political Weekly 61(10), March 7, 2026, 45-50. Publication page
  • “Mapping Poverty Across Social, Religious, and Economic Groups in India,” Economic and Political Weekly 60(48), November 29, 2025, 51-60. Publication page
  • “Poverty and Inequality in India: Before and After COVID-19,” Economic and Political Weekly 60(21), May 24, 2025, 39-46. Publication page
  • “Decline in Poverty in India: Real or an Artifact of a Low Poverty Line?” (with Vishal More), India Public Policy Review 2(2), Mar-Apr 2021. Publication page
  • “Growth and Election Outcomes in a Developing Country,” Economics and Politics, (with Poonam Gupta), Volume 26, Issue 2, July 2014, Pages: 332–354. Publication page
  • “A Comprehensive Analysis of Poverty in India,” (with Megha Mukim), Asian Development Review, March 2014, MIT Press, vol. 31(1), 1-52. Publication page
  • “Indian Economy: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow.” In Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume, ed., The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, Online Edition, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012 Publication page
  • “Does India Really Suffer from Worse Child Malnutrition than Sub-Saharan Africa?” Economic and Political Weekly, May 2013, pp. 98-111.
  • “Some Surprising Facts About the Concentration of Trade Across Commodities and Trading Partners (with Nitika Bagaria), The World Economy 6 MAR 2013, , pp. 1-22. Publication page
  • “Growth, Openness and the Socially Disadvantaged” (with Megha Mukim) in Jagdish Bhagwati and Arvind Panagariya, eds., India’s Reforms: How they Produced Inclusive Growth New York: Oxford University Press, March 2012, pp. 186-246. Publication page
  • “The 4-quadrant diagram depicting the Heckscher-Ohlin model.” In Mark Blaug and Peter Lloyd, eds. 2010, Famous Figures and Diagrams in Economics, Edward Elgar.
  • “Indian Economic Development,” New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics Online, September 2009. Publication page
  • “Heckscher-Ohlin Model,” The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World Economy, 2009.
  • “Tariffs versus Quotas,” New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, May 2008. Publication page
  • “Bhagwati, Jagdish,” International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, October 2007.
  • “Free Trade Areas and Rules of Origin: Economics and Politics” (with Rupa Duttagupta), Economics and Politics 19(2), 169-190, July 2007 Publication page
  • “Inequality and Endogenous Trade Policy Outcomes,” Journal of International Economics (with Nuno Limao) 72(2), pages 292-309, July 2007. Publication page
  • “Preferential Trading and General Equilibrium: The Small-Union Case Revisited,” in Dinopoulos, Elias, Pravin Krishna, Arvind Panagariya and Kar-yiu Wong, eds., Trade, Globalization and Poverty, Oxon, U.K.: Routledge, December 2007.
  • “International Trade.” In David Clark, ed., The Elgar Companion to Development Studies, 2006, 295-298.
  • “Migration: Who Gains, Who Loses,” in Susan M. Collins and Carol Graham, editors, Brookings Trade Forum 2006: Global Labor Markets? 2006, Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 229-244. Publication page
  • “Bhagwati and Ramaswami: Why it is a Classic,” World Economy 29(11), November 2006, 1553-1570. Publication page
  • “Injury Investigations in Antidumping and the Super-Additivity Effect: A Theoretical Explanation (with Poonam Gupta), Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 142(1), 2006, 151-164.
  • “The Muddles over Outsourcing,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, Volume 18, Number 4 (November 2004), pp. 93-114. Publication page
  • “India’s Trade Reform” India Policy Forum, 2004, Volume 1, 1-57.
  • "Anti-trade Bias in Trade Policy and General Equilibrium," (with Nuno Limao) Contributions to Economic Analysis and Policy, 2004, Vol. 3: No. 1, Article 14. Publication page
  • “Cost of Protection: Where do We Stand?” American Economic Review. Papers and Proceedings, May 2002, 175-179. Publication page
  • “Politics of Free Trade Area: Tariffs versus Quotas,” (with Rupa Duttagupta) Journal of International Economics 58(2), 413-427, December 2002. Publication page
  • “On Welfare Enhancing FTAs,” (with Pravin Krishna), Journal of International Economics 57(2), August 2002, 353-367.
  • “Demand Elasticities in International Trade: Are They Really Low?” (with Shekhar Shah and Deepak Mishra), Journal of Development Economics 64, 2001, 313-342. Publication page
  • "A Unification of the Second Best Results in International Trade," (with Pravin Krishna) Journal of International Economics 52(2), 235-257, December 2000. Publication page
  • “Defense and Welfare under Rivalry,” (with Hirofumi Shibata) International Economic Review 41(4), November 2000, 951-69. Publication page
  • “Preferential Trade Liberalization: The Traditional Theory and New Developments,” Journal of Economic Literature 38, June 2000, 287-331. Publication page
  • “Evaluating the Factor-Content Approach to Measuring the Effect of Trade on Wage Inequality,” Journal of International Economics 50(1), 2000 (Special Millennium and 50th Anniversary issue) Publication page
  • “The ‘Gains’ from Preferential Trade Liberalization in the CGEs: Where Do They Come From?” (with Rupa Duttagupta), in Sajal Lahiri, ed., Regionalism and Globalization: Theory and Practice, London: Routledge, 2001, 39-60.
  • “Anti-dumping Duty versus Price Competition,” (with Poonam Gupta) World Economy 21(8), 1998, 1003-1019. Publication page
  • “Do Transport Costs Justify Regional Preferential Trading Arrangements? No." Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 134(2), 1998, 280-301.
  • "Trading Preferentially: Theory and Policy," (with Jagdish Bhagwati and David Greenaway), Economic Journal, July 1998, 1128-1148. Publication page
  • "Preferential Trading and the Myth of Natural Trading Partners," Japan and the World Economy 9, 471-489, 1997. Publication page
  • “Preferential Trading and Real Wages,” (with S. Suthiwart-Narueput) Review of International Economics 6, No. 3, August 1998. Publication page
  • “Regional Integration and the Environment,” (with S. Suthiwart-Narueput), Environmental and Development Economics, 1997. Publication page
  • "Preferential Trading and Capital Mobility," (with S. Suthiwart-Narueput) Eastern Economic Journal 22, No. 4, Fall 1996.
  • "The Meade Model of Preferential Trading: History, Analytics and Policy Implications," in Cohen, B.J., International Trade and Finance: New Frontiers for Research, Essays in Honor of Peter B. Kenen, Cambridge University Press, October 1997, 57-88. Reproduced as chapter 2 in Bhagwati, J., P. Krishna and Arvind Panagariya, eds., Trading Blocs: Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Preferential Trade Agreements, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, February 1999. Publication page
  • "The Theory of Preferential Trade Agreements: Historical Evolution and Current Trends," (with Jagdish Bhagwati), American Economic Review, May 1996. Publication page
  • "Explaining the Pattern of Factor Flows between the North and the South." Osaka Economic Papers 40, March 1991, 199-209. Publication page
  • "Why and Why-Not of Uniform Tariffs," Economic Studies Quarterly, September 1994, 303-321. Publication page
  • "A Political Economy Analysis of Free Trade Areas and Customs Unions," (with Ronald Findlay), in Robert Feenstra, Gene Grossman, and Douglas Irwin, eds., The Political Economy of Trade Reform, essays in honor of Jagdish Bhagwati, MIT Press, 1996. Reproduced as Chapter 17 in Bhagwati, J., P. Krishna and Arvind Panagariya, eds., Trading Blocs: Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Preferential Trade Agreements, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, February 1999. Publication page
  • "Can Revenue Maximizing Export Taxes Yield Higher Welfare than Welfare Maximizing Export Taxes?" (with Maurice Schiff), Economics Letters, 1994, Vol. 45, 79-84. Publication page
  • "Political Economy Arguments for a Uniform Tariff," International Economic Review, August 1993, 685-703 (with Dani Rodrik). Publication page
  • "On the Theory of Piecemeal Tariff Reform: The Case of Pure Imported Intermediate Inputs," (with Ramon Lopez), American Economic Review, June, 1992, 615-625. Publication page
  • "Factor Mobility, Trade and Welfare: A North-South Analysis with Economies of Scale," Journal of Development Economics 39, 1992, 229-245.
  • “Temporary Import and Export Quotas and the Current Account," (with Ramon Lopez), Journal of International Economics, November 1991, 371-381.
  • "Input Tariffs, Duty Drawbacks and Tariff Reforms," Journal of International Economics, February 1992, 132-147. Publication page
  • "Indicative Planning in India: Discussion," December 1990, Journal of Comparative Economics 14, 736-742. Publication page
  • "The Parallel Market in Centrally Planned Economies: A Dynamic Analysis," September 1990, Journal of Comparative Economics 14, 353-371. Publication page
  • "Temporary Trade Taxes, Welfare and the Current Account," (with Ramon Lopez), 1990, Economics Letters 33, 347-351. Publication page
  • "Excise Tax Evasion: Reply to Tower," (with A.V.L. Narayana), Public Finance 44, No. 3, 1989, 510-512.
  • "The Parallel Market in Centrally Planned Economies", Economics and Politics, July 1989, Vol. 1, 161-179. Publication page
  • "Excise-Tax Evasion: A Welfare cum Crime Theoretic Analysis" (with A.V.L. Narayana), Public Finance, 1988 Vol. 43, pp. 248-260.
  • “A Theoretical Explanation of Some Stylized Facts of Economic Growth," Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1988, 509-526.
  • "Capital Utilization in the Heckscher-Ohlin Model" (with R. Betancourt and C. Clague), International Trade Journal, September 1987, 1-22. (Lead Article) Publication page
  • "Increasing Returns and the Specific-Factors Model," Southern Economic Journal, July 1986, 1-17. (Lead Article) Publication page
  • "Increasing Returns, Dynamic Stability, and International Trade," Journal of International Economics, 20, 1986, 43-63. Publication page
  • "The Harris-Todaro Model and Economies of Scale" (with Patricia Succar), Southern Economic Journal, April 1986, 984-998. Publication page
  • "Capital Utilization and Factor Specificity" (with R. Betancourt and C. Clague), Review of Economic Studies, 1985, Vol. 52 311-329. Publication page
  • "Smuggling, Trade and Price Disparity: A Crime Theoretic Approach" (with L. Martin), Journal of International Economics, November 1984, 201-217. (Lead Article) Publication page
  • "Trade and Factor Prices in a Model of Capital Utilization" (with R. Betancourt and C. Clague), Southern Economic Journal, 1984, Vol 50, 734-742. Publication page
  • "Variable Returns to Scale and the Heckscher-Ohlin and Factor Price Equalization Theorems," Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 1983, Vol. 119, 259-280. Publication page
  • "Import Objective, Distortions, and Optimal Tax Structure: A Generalization," Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1983, 515-524. Publication page
  • "Growth and Welfare in a Small, Open Economy" (with J. Eaton), Economica, November 1982, 409-419. Publication page
  • "Tariff Policy under Monopoly in General Equilibrium," International Economic Review, February 1982, 143-156. Publication page
  • "Variable Returns to Scale in General Equilibrium Theory Once Again," Journal of International Economics, November 1980, 499-526. Publication page
  • “Quantitative Restrictions in International Trade under Monopoly," Journal of International Economics, February 1981, 15-31.
  • "Import Targets and the Equivalence of Optimal Tariff and Quota Structures," Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1980, 711-715. Publication page
  • "Gains from Trade under Variable Returns to Scale, Commodity Taxation, Tariffs and Factor Market Distortions" (with J. Eaton), Journal of International Economics, November 1979, 481-501. Publication page
  • "Variable Returns to Scale in Production and Patterns of Specialization," American Economic Review, March 1981, 221-230.