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Andrew HeiskellAndrew Heiskell
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promotion from the inside, as opposed to hiring from the outside. And that included promoting women. But somehow or the other it never got done. We even tried, in the '70's, to integrate promotion and personnel policies into budgetary and bonus considerations, i.e. that whether you got a bonus or not, or how big your bonus was or not, it was not just your direct work performance, but it included all these other things. Very difficult to do because it's even less quantitative than performance even. At least in performance you can see it. So we did try a variety of tricks to, in effect, try to use less leverage on them. But we didn't get very far. The first really major job held by a woman, I believe I'm right, was Joan Manley who became Head of Books. With the fluke exception of a managing editor of Architectural Forum in the late Thirties or early Forties there wasn't a managing editor, woman, I guess until Pat Ryan took over People in 1980, 1981. There are now two managing editors and now the first woman publisher has been appointed. However, not wishing to get away from the subject, but the record is even much worse in the case of minorities, ethnic minorities.

Q:

Go on. Trace that from the beginning too.

Andrew Heiskell:

I can hardly remember anybody, any ethnic minority member in the early days with the one exception of Earl Brown who was a reporter on Life who I had know when I was a reporter on the Herald Tribune and had something to do with bringing over to Life. There are so few names that come up that I immediately think of the obvious, Gordon Parks. Well Gordon Parks happens to be a genius. He





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