BROWN, Edward Granville.
A Literary History of Persia (4 vols.), Bethesda, MD:
Iranbooks, 1992 [1906]. All four volumes are available online, if your
library has access to the American Council of Learned Societies’ History E-Book Project. For Columbia people, here are the links to
[ vol. 1 ] (up to Firdausi, 1000 CE); [ vol. 2 ] (Firdausi to Sa'adi, 1000-1290); [ vol. 3 ] (The Tartar Dominion, 1265-1502); [ vol. 4 ] (Modern Times, 1500-1924). This is a
classic work, and full of valuable background material; if only because
it’s shaped everybody’s literary attitudes, it’s well worth studying.
DAUD RAHBAR, trans.
and ed. Urdu Letters of Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib. Albany:
State University of New York Press, 1987.
HARCOURT
and
HUSSAIN.
E. S. Harcourt and Fakhur Hussain, trans. and ed. Lucknow:
The
Last Phase of an Oriental Culture, by Abdul Halim Sharar.
London: Paul Elek, 1975.
KHWAJA AHMAD FARUQI,
trans. Dastanbuy: A Diary of the Indian Revolt of 1857. Bombay:
Asia Publishing House, 1970. This work was written in a special archaic Persian that avoided Arabic words; it is available on this site.
NAIM 1970. C. M. Naim, trans.
and ed. Twenty-Five Verses by Ghalib. Calcutta: Writers
Workshop Redbird Book, 1970.
NAIM 1972. C. M.
Naim, trans. and ed. Ghalib’s Lighter Verse. Calcutta: Redbird
Book, Writers Workshop, 1972.
NIAZI 2002. Sarfaraz K.
Niazi, trans. and ed. Love Sonnets of Ghalib. Lahore:
Ferozsons, 2002.
PLATTS. Platts, John T. A
Dictionary
of
Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English. Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 1930 (fifth impression). This dictionary is online through DSAL.
PRITCHETT.
Frances W. Pritchett. Nets of Awareness: Urdu Poetry and Its Critics.
Berkeley:
University
of California Press, 1994. There is also an online
version onthe Univ. of California Press website.
PRITCHETT
1991.
Frances
W. Pritchett. The Romance Tradition in Urdu:
Adventures from the Dastan of Amir Hamzah. New York: Columbia
University Press, 1991. An extended version is on this site.
PRITCHETT
AND
FARUQI.
Frances W. Pritchett, in association with S. R. Faruqi,
trans. and ed. Ab-e Hayat: Shaping the Canon of Urdu Poetry.
New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2001. A slightly corrected version
of this work is online through DSAL, with page numbers linked to
the original Urdu text.
PRITCHETT
AND
KHALIQ.
Frances W. Pritchett and Khaliq Ahmad Khaliq. Urdu
Meter: A Practical Handbook. University of Wisconsin at Madison:
South Asian Studies, 1987. An online version of this handbook is
provided here.
QUR'AN. A. Yusuf Ali, trans.
and commentator, The Holy Qur'an. Beirut: Dar ul-Qur'an,
1992/3. Online version: [site].
RUSSELL
AND ISLAM. Ralph Russell and Khurshidul Islam, trans. and ed. Ghalib
1797-1869;
Volume
I: Life and Letters. London: George Allen and
Unwin, 1969, and many reprint editions.
RUSSELL AND
ADANI. Ralph Russell and Iftikhar Ahmad Adani. Selections from
the Persian Ghazals of Ghalib, With Translations. Lahore:
Pakistan Writers’ Co-operative Society, 1997. Russell translates into
English, Adani into Urdu: on this site.
RUSSELL 2003.
Ralph Russell. The Oxford India Ghalib: Life, Letters, and
Ghazals. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2003.
SCHIMMEL. Annemarie
Schimmel, A Dance of Sparks: Imagery of Fire in Ghalib's Poetry.
New
Delhi:
Ghalib Academy, 1979.
SCHIMMEL
1992.
Annemarie
Schimmel, A Two-Colored Brocade: The Imagery
of Persian Poetry. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina
Press, 1992.
SHAHNAMAH.
Firdausi, The Epic of Kings (1010), trans. by Helen
Zimmern: online at MIT and at *Univ. of Australia*.
STEINGASS. F.
Steingass, A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. London:
Routledge, 1988 [1892]. This dictionary is online through DSAL.
YUSUF ALI. A. Yusuf
Ali, The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary.
Beirut: The Holy Koran Publishing House, n.d. [1934].
YUSUF HUSAIN,
trans. Persian Ghazals of Ghalib. New Delhi: Ghalib Institute,
1980.
THE ABOVE ENGLISH
WORKS have been particularly referred to in this site. For additional
literature see:
***GHALIB STUDIES IN ENGLISH***
== WORKS IN URDU ==
ABDUL HAKIM
(1885-1959). ;xaliifah ((abd ul-;hakiim — Ideas
of
Ghalib / afkaar-e ;Ghaalib —
Lahore: Maktabah Mu'in ul-Adab, 1954. Commentary on selected Urdu and
Persian verses, especially from a mystical point of view: available on this site.
ARSHI (1904-1981). imtiyaaz ((alii ((arshii — Divan-e Ghalib
/ diivaan-e ;Gaalib — New Delhi: Anjuman
Taraqqi-e Urdu, 1982 (2nd ed.) [1958]. All references are to the ghazal
numbers and page numbers in Part 2, called navaa-e
sarosh within the volume.
ASAR LAKHNAVI (1885-1967). ja((far ((alii ;xaa;N a;sar lakhnavii
— A Study of Ghalib / mu:taala((ah-e
;Gaalib — Lucknow: Danish Mahal, 2nd edition, 1957. Thanks to the
generosity of Satyanarayana Hegde (of Mumbai), this rare text from his
collection is available on this site. This work comments selectively on
certain verses only, including some unpublished ones.
ASI (1893-1946). ((abd
ul-baarii aasii — Complete
Commentary on the Divan-e Ghalib / mukammal
shar;h-e diivaan-e ;Gaalib — Lucknow: Siddiq Book Depot, 1931;
also his commentary on the unpublished verses; both are available and
indexed on this site.
AZAD (1830-1910). mu;hammad ;husain aazaad — Water of Life
/ aab-e ;hayaat — Lucknow: Uttar Pradesh
Urdu Academy, 1982. Photo offset of: Lahore: Naval Kishor, 1907. This
edition is already online at DSAL, and is also linked to the the Pritchett and Faruqi translation.
BAQIR (1927?-1972). aa;Gaa mu;hammad baaqir — Ghalib's Speech
/ bayaan-e ;Gaalib: shar;h-e diivaan-e ;Gaalib
— Lahore: Shaikh Mubarak Ali and Sons, 1943 [Lahore: Shaikh Barakat
Ali and Sons, 1939].
BEKHUD
DIHLAVI (1863-1955). sayyid va;hiid ud-diin be;xvud
dihlavii — A Mirror of Ghalib / miraat ul-;Gaalib — Calcutta: 'Usmaniyah Book
Depot, 1934 [Delhi: Mahbub ul-Mutaba, 1924].
BEKHUD MOHANI
(1883-1940). sayyid mu;hammad a;hmad be;xvud mohaanii
— A Commentary on the Divan of Ghalib / shar;h-e diivaan-e ;Gaalib — Lucknow: Nizami Press,
1970 [composed 1923].
CHISHTI (1896-1984). yuusuf saliim chishtii — A Commentary on
the Divan of Ghalib / shar;h-e diivaan-e
;Gaalib — New Delhi: Itiqad Publishing House, 1983 [Lahore:
Ishrat Publishing House, 1959].
FARHANG. sayyid
a;hmad
dihlavii — Asifiyah Dictionary / farhang-e aa.sifiyah — Delhi: National Academy,
1974 [1896], 4 vols.
FARUQI, Shamsur Rahman
(1936-). shams ur-ra;hmaan faaruuqii — An
Explanation
of
Ghalib / tafhiim-e ;Gaalib
— New Delhi: Ghalib Institute, 1989. A new, augmented edition came out
in 2006. An index to both editions of this book is provided here.
FARUQI 2. A Selection
from the Complete Urdu Works of Ghalib / inti;xaab-e urduu
kulliyaat-e ;Gaalib — New Delhi: Sahitya Academy, 1993. 2nd ed., 1999. A list of the verses contained in
this book is provided here.
FARUQI 3. Four
Essays on Ghalib / ;Gaalib par chaar
ta;hriire;N — New Delhi: Ghalib Institute, 2001.
FARUQI, S. R., et al. A Course in Rhetoric / dars-e balaa;Gat
— New Delhi: Taraqqi-e Urdu Bureau, 1981.
GHALIB 1816— The ‘Nuskhah-e Bhopal’, compiled c.1816 — nus;xah-e bhopaal aur nus;xah-e bhopaal-e ;saanii — ed. by 'Abd ul-Quvvi Dasnavi. Bhopal: Saifiyah College, 1970; on this site.
GHALIB 1821— The ‘Nuskhah-e Hamidiyah’, compiled c.1821 — nus;xah-e ;hamiidiyah — ed. by Hamid Ahmad Khan. Lahore: Majlis Taraqqi-e Adab, 1969; on this site.
GHALIB 1828— A
Graceful/‘Two-colored’ Rose, compiled 1828
/ gul-e ra((naa — ed. by Sayyid Qudrat Naqvi.
Karachi: Anjuman Taraqqi-e Urdu, 1975 [first published 1970]. Here are
its Urdu
ghazals: on this site.
GHALIB 1841 — Divan-e
Ghalib, 1841 / diivaan-e asadull;aah ;xaan
.saa;hib ;Gaalib ta;xallu.s — intro. by Kalidas Gupta Raza,
facsimile ed., Bombay 1986; on
this site.
GYAN CHAND (1923-). gyaan chand — The Interpretation of Ghalib
/ tafsiir-e ;Gaalib — Srinagar: Jammu and
Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture, and Language, 1971. A commentary on the unpublished ghazals; on this site.
HALI (1837-1914). ;xvaajah al:taaf ;husain ;haalii — A
Memorial of Ghalib / yaadgaar-e ;Gaalib
— New Delhi: Ghalib Institute, 1986 [Kanpur: Nami Press, 1897]. The
full text is available on
this site.
HAMID (1901-1980), ed. ;haamid ((alii ;xaan — Divan-e Ghalib
/ diivaan-e ;Gaalib — Lahore: Punjab University
Press, 1969.
HASRAT (1875?-1951). fa.zl ul-;hasan ;hasrat mohaanii — A
Commentary on the Divan of Ghalib / shar;h-e
diivaan-e ;Gaalib — Karachi: Al-Kitab, 1965 [1905].
JOSH (1883-1976). labbhuu raam josh malsiyaanii — The Divan
of Ghalib with Commentary / diivaan-e
;Gaalib ma(( shar;h — Delhi: Atma Ram and Sons, 1950.
KHALIQ ANJUM,
ed. ;xaliiq anjum — Letters of Ghalib
/ ;Gaalib ke ;xu:tuu:t — New Delhi: Ghalib
Institute, 1984 (vol. 1), 1985 (vol. 2), 1987 (vol. 3), 1993 (vol. 4);
there is also a fifth volume, an index.
MIHR (1895-1971). ;Gulaam rasuul mihr — The Voice of an Angel
/ navaa-e sarosh, mukammal diivaan-e ;Gaalib ma((
shar;h — Lahore: Shaikh Ghulam Ali and Sons, 1967.
MIR (1722-1810). mu;hammad
taqii
miir — The Complete Works of Mir, Volume 1
/ kulliyaat-e miir, jild-e avval, mukammal chhih
diivaan, ;Gazaliyaat — Ed. by :zill-e ((abbaas
((abbaasii , with additions and corrections by a;hmad
ma;hfuu:z — New Delhi: Qaumi Council bara-e Furogh-e Urdu Zaban,
2003.
MUHAMMAD
ANSARULLAH. mu;hammad an.saarullaah — A
Ghalib
Bibliography / ;Gaalib bibliyograafii
— Aligarh: Aligarh Muslim University, 1972. Updated edition: ;Gaalib bibliyograafii, kitaabe;N — New Delhi:
Ghalib Institute, 1998.
NAIYAR MASUD
(1936-). nayyar mas((uud ri.zvii — An
Interpretation of Ghalib / ta((biir-e ;Gaalib
— Lucknow: Kitab Nagar, 1973.
NATIQ (1886-1969). abuu'l ;hasan naa:tiq gulaa))o;Thvii — A
Treasure of Meanings: a Commentary on the Divan of Ghalib / kanz ul-ma:taalib shar;h-e diivaan-e ;Gaalib —
Lucknow: Maktabah Din o Adab, 1968. Thanks to the generosity of
Satyanarayana Hegde (of Mumbai), this rare text from his collection is
available on
this site. Using Satya’s numbers at the upper right, alif begins on 9; be on 66; nuun on 101; ye on 148;
ghazal {181} on 196.
NAZM (1852-1933). ((alii ;haidar na:zm :tabaa:tabaa))ii lakhnavii — A
Commentary
on
the Urdu Divan of Ghalib / shar;h-e
diivaan-e urduu-e ;Gaalib — Hyderabad: Matba Mufid ul-Islam, n.d.
[1900].
Another edition of this commentary (title pages) is provided on this site in
electronic form, thanks to the generous help of Sean Pue. Each verse is
linked to the relevant page(s) in this electronic edition. Here are
Nazm's concluding pages about other genres.
NUSKHAH-E SHERANI
(c.1826/7). The Divan-e Ghalib, the Sherani Manuscript
/ diivaan-e ;Gaalib nus;xah-e shervaanii —
Lahore: Majlis Taraqqi-e Adab, 1969; available on this site.
RAZA
(1988,
1995).
kaaliidaas guptaa ra.zaa — The
Complete Divan of Ghalib, in Historical Order / diivaan-e ;Gaalib kaamil, taarii;xii tartiib se —
Bombay: Sakar Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 1988. Page images from this earlier
edition are provided for all unpublished ghazals, linked from each one.
There is now a revised, augmented, annotated final edition, diivaan-e ;Gaalib kaamil, nus;xah-e gu;taa ra.zaa
published in 1995 (with an intermediate edition in 1990); this
definitive 1995 edition is now available on this site.
SA'ID
UD-DIN (1926). sa((iid ul-diin a;hmad — A
Commentary on the Urdu Divan of Ghalib, and Criticism of the Poetry of
Ghalib, known as ‘the Gift of Sa'id’ / shar;h-e diivaan-e ;Gaalib urduu aur tanqiid-e kalaam-e ;Gaalib ma((ruuf bah hadiyah-e sa((iid — New Delhi: Ghalib Academy, 2007 (1926). With
much appreciation for the good work of the Ghalib Academy (and with many thanks to Satyanarayana Hegde for making the pdf), this reprint edition is available on this site. Using Satya’s numbers at the upper right, alif begins on 23; be on 59; nuun on 82; ye on
117; ghazal {181} on 147.
SHADAN (1869-1948). sayyid aulaad ;husain shaadaa;N bilgraamii — The
Seeking Soul: A Commentary on the Divan of Ghalib / ruu;h ul-ma:taalib fii shar;h-e diivaan-e ;Gaalib —
Lahore: Shaikh Mubarak Ali, 1967 [Lahore: Matba Koh-e Nur, 1946].
SHARAR (1860-1926). ((abd ul-;haliim sharar — Guzishtah
Lakhna'u / gu;zishtah lakhna))uu yaa
mashriqii tamaddun kaa aa;xirii namuunah, taarii;xii-o-ja;Graafiyaa))ii
;haalaat — ed. Shamim Inhonvi. Lucknow: Nasim Book Depot, 1965.
SUHA (1892-1947). suhaa mujaddidii — Meanings of Ghalib
ma:taalib ul-;Gaalib — Bhopal: Madhya
Pradesh Urdu Academy, 1923. Thanks to the generosity of Satyanarayana
Hegde (of Mumbai), this rare text from his collection is available on this site.
Using Satya’s numbers at the upper right, alif
begins on 27; be on 76; nuun
on 103; ye on 136; ghazal {181} on 168.
VAJID. mu;hammad
((abd ul-vaajid vaajid — A Commentary on the Urdu Divan of Ghalib, called the Rapture of Investigation / shar;h-e diivaan-e urduu-e ;Gaalib mausuum bah vajdaan-e
ta;hqiiq — Hyderabad: Matba Fakhr-e Nizami, 1902: [introduction]; [conclusion]; text
source: [site]. A PDF file is linked from each of the
verses (selected from alif ghazals only) on
which Vajid comments.
ZAMIN. sayyid mu;hammad .zaamin kantuurii -- A Commentary on the Divan of Ghalib / shar;h-e diivaan-e ;Gaalib -- ed. Ashraf Rafi'. Delhi: Educational Publishing House, 2012 [1934, mss. completed but not published]. The only commentary on both published and unpublished verses.
THE ABOVE URDU WORKS have
been particularly referred to in this site. For additional literature
see:
***GHALIB STUDIES IN URDU***